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RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME

RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME


“Give your stress wings and let it fly away.” – Terri Guillemets


Published by my.clevelandclinic.org



Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a brain, nerve, and sleep condition that causes a strong, nearly irresistible urge to move your legs that’s at least partially relieved by movement. Symptoms are more common when your body is at rest in the evening. It usually occurs in addition to uncomfortable sensations in your legs like throbbing or aching. The urge to constantly move can interfere with your ability to relax or fall asleep.  

You may hear your healthcare provider call RLS restless leg syndrome or Willis-Ekbom disease.

What are the types of restless legs syndrome?

  • Early onset: A diagnosis happens before age 45, it usually runs in your biological family history and the condition progresses slowly.
  • Late onset: RLS progresses more quickly and a diagnosis happens after age 45.

How common is restless legs syndrome?

Between 7% and 10% of the United States population has restless legs syndrome. It’s more common among white people and women and people assigned female at birth (AFAB). Your risk of developing it increases as you get older.

What are the symptoms of restless legs syndrome?

  • Uncomfortable sensations in your legs that make you want to move them.
  • Sensations get worse when you’re resting.
  • Relief of discomfort (at least temporarily) when you move your legs.
  • Twitchy legs or leg jerks in the evening and during sleep.

Symptoms of restless legs syndrome can affect your sleep. This can cause:

  • Sleep disruptions, difficulty falling asleep, or staying asleep.
  • The urge to get out of bed to stretch or move your legs.
  • Fatigue or daytime sleepiness.
  • Behavior or mood changes.
  • Difficulty paying attention, remembering things or concentrating.
  • Depression or anxiety.

What does restless legs syndrome feel like?

Restless legs syndrome causes sensations that make you want to move your legs. These sensations most often happen in your legs, but they can also affect your arms or your entire body. You may experience the following feelings:

  • Crawling
  • Itching
  • Aching
  • Burning
  • Throbbing
  • Pulling
  • Tugging

Sensations can happen on one side of your body, but more commonly affect both sides equally, like both legs.

What causes restless legs syndrome?

The cause of restless legs syndrome isn’t well understood. It may relate to the part of your brain that causes movement (basal ganglia) functions. The basal ganglia use dopamine to regulate how your body moves. If this part of your brain doesn’t get enough dopamine, it isn’t able to regulate your movement as efficiently as it should. This can lead to RLS symptoms.

  • Genetics: You can inherit RLS. During conception, one of your biological parents passes a genetic trait (autosomal dominant) that leads to an RLS diagnosis.
  • Iron deficiency: Iron can be low in your brain despite normal blood levels.
  • Underlying medical condition: Some conditions can cause secondary RLS, which is when RLS occurs with another medical condition.
  • Medications: Certain medications, like antihistamines, antidepressants or antinausea medications, can cause RLS or make symptoms worse.

What conditions cause restless legs syndrome?

  • Low levels of iron (iron deficiency).
  • Anemia
  • Pregnancy
  • Diabetes
  • Kidney disease
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Substance use disorder

What triggers restless legs syndrome?

  • Alcohol.
  • Caffeine.
  • Nicotine.
  • Certain medications.
  • Stress.

What age group does restless lets syndrome affect?

Restless legs syndrome can affect anyone, including children, adolescents and adults. It’s more common to affect people after age 50. Symptoms tend to get worse as you age.


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